3Rs - search page

NORINA is an English-language database containing information on over 3,500 audiovisual aids.

Blood sampling can be stressful for laboratory animals because of the handling, restraint, anaesthesia or discomfort associated with a particular technique

SyRF is a fully integrated online platform for performing systematic reviews of preclinical studies.

AFAAR first helped make history by funding a landmark alternative to the infamous Draize rabbit eye test, later adopted by some major product and cosmetics companies.

The suffering that animals experience when they are used in research and testing is a very serious concern. We believe that every possible step must be taken to reduce animal suffering to an absolute minimum.

MAWA's aim is to advance medical science to improve human health and therapeutic outcomes without using animals or animal products.

The IMPROVE Guidelines (Ischaemia Models: Procedural Refinements Of in Vivo Experiments) - have been published in the Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

"The Design of Animal Experiments" is intended for all research scientists who use laboratory animals, with the aim of helping them to design their own experiments more effectively.

The primary aim of ECOPA is to promote "the three Rs" (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) in the use of animals in research, testing, education and training in Europe.

Good training in non-aversive handling has benefits for the animal, for the handler and for the reliability of data gained in experiments.

Isogenic strains (inbred strains and F1 hybrids) are like immortal clones of genetically identical individuals. The same genotype can be reproduced indefinitely. They have already made a substantial contribution to biomedical research. 

The Mandatory Alternatives Petition seeks to change the way drug testing is done in laboratories before drugs are tested on people.