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3Rs

Medical Advances Without Animals Trust (MAWA)

MAWA's aim is to advance medical science to improve human health and therapeutic outcomes without using animals or animal products.

Topic: Replacement

IMPROVE-ing animal welfare in experimental stroke research-The findings from the collaboration

The IMPROVE Guidelines (Ischaemia Models: Procedural Refinements Of in Vivo Experiments) - have been published in the Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

Topic: Refinement

The Design of Animal Experiments

"The Design of Animal Experiments" is intended for all research scientists who use laboratory animals, with the aim of helping them to design their own experiments more effectively.

Topic: Reduction

European Consensus-Platform for Alternatives (ECOPA)

The primary aim of ECOPA is to promote "the three Rs" (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) in the use of animals in research, testing, education and training in Europe.

Topic: Replacement

Handling and Restraint-NC3Rs

Good training in non-aversive handling has benefits for the animal, for the handler and for the reliability of data gained in experiments.

Topic: Refinement

Isogenic Strains

Isogenic strains (inbred strains and F1 hybrids) are like immortal clones of genetically identical individuals. The same genotype can be reproduced indefinitely. They have already made a substantial contribution to biomedical research. 

Topic: Reduction

Mandatory Alternatives Petition (US)

The Mandatory Alternatives Petition seeks to change the way drug testing is done in laboratories before drugs are tested on people.

Topic: Replacement

RSPCA Refining Rabbit Welfare

In 2008, the UFAW/RSPCA Rabbit Behaviour and Welfare Group produced a resource that sets out practical guidance on fulfilling the basic needs of the rabbit.

Topic: Refinement

Using 3D Cell Models to Screen Out Ineffective Agents Before Animal Studies

Scientists at the ICR are growing spheres of cancer cells in the laboratory which are designed to mimic the properties of solid tumours.

Topic: Replacement

HemaTIP™ Microsampler

Collecting blood for serology testing from research animals can be a challenging process that leads to increased stress in your animal. Exclusive to Charles River, our HemaTIP™ microsampler simplifies this process by placing the collection media on the tip of an easy-to-hold stylus.

Topic: Refinement

Reducing Mouse Numbers by Measuring Tumour Size Non-Invasively

Scientists at the ICR are increasingly using non-invasive methods to measure the size of tumours in mice – allowing the same mouse to be assessed several times and reducing the overall numbers

Topic: Reduction

FRAME-Alternatives Lab

The FRAME lab uses cells derived from human tissues to produce biologically relevant in vitro models of human organs, which behave and respond in the way they would in the body.

Topic: Replacement

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