3Rs - search page

MAWA's aim is to advance medical science to improve human health and therapeutic outcomes without using animals or animal products.

The primary aim of ECOPA is to promote "the three Rs" (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) in the use of animals in research, testing, education and training in Europe.

The Mandatory Alternatives Petition seeks to change the way drug testing is done in laboratories before drugs are tested on people.

Scientists at the ICR are growing spheres of cancer cells in the laboratory which are designed to mimic the properties of solid tumours.

The FRAME lab uses cells derived from human tissues to produce biologically relevant in vitro models of human organs, which behave and respond in the way they would in the body.

US-Founded in 1895, the New England Anti-Vivisection Society (NEAVS) is a Boston-based, national animal advocacy organization.

Representatives of federal agencies invited the public to the annual meeting, held at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.

A website with explanations and sources of alternatives.

ALTEX publishes original articles, short communications, and reviews, as well as news and comments, meeting reports, and book reviews. Animal experiments are defined by the editors as all experimental procedures involving the use of animals in testing, research, and education, or to obtain tissues, organs, and other animal derived products that may cause pain or distress to animals..

Animal Welfare  is an international scientific and technical journal. It publishes the results of peer-reviewed scientific research, technical studies and reviews relating to the welfare of kept animals (eg on farms, in laboratories, zoos and as companions) and of those in the wild whose welfare is compromised by human activities.

Official Journal of the International Society for Applied Ethology (ISAE) An international journal reporting on the application of ethology to animals managed by humans.

Laboratory Animals is an international journal of laboratory animal science and welfare. Laboratory Animals publishes peer-reviewed original papers and reviews on all aspects of the use of animals in biomedical research. The journal promotes improvements in the welfare or well-being of the animals used, it particularly focuses on research that reduces the number of animals used or which replaces animal models with in vitro alternatives.

Laboratory Animals publishes papers dealing with all aspects of the use of animals in biomedical research, including: new animal models; laboratory animal microbiology; clinical case reports; descriptions of new or improved research techniques; reports on the influence of environmental and other variables on research results; descriptions of techniques which offer replacements for in vivo models; and basic data characterizing the haematology, biochemistry or pathology of new or existing animal models. Papers describing work which involves a reduction in the number of animals that need to be used; or which replace animals with in vitro alternatives; or which represent a significant refinement in methodology, leading to improvements in the welfare or wellbeing of the animals used, are especially encouraged.