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In the regulatory assessment of chemicals (e.g. under REACH), (Q)SAR models are playing an increasingly important role in predicting properties for hazard and risk assessment.

The RSPCA list a number of Alternative approaches: the use of isolated cells and tissues, using computers and mathematics to model biological processes and predict the effects of chemicals and drugs, designing ways of doing experiments safely in human volunteers, using simple organisms, such as bacteria, to study basic biological processes
exploring new advanced technologies such as robotics, molecular techniques, tissue engineering and "organs-on-microchips", not doing the experiment at all is one option - we encourage greater consideration of whether animal use could be avoided through more critical ethical review.

NORINA is an English-language database containing information on over 3,500 audiovisual aids.

Below are articles on the subject of Alternatives. If you can't see what you are looking for other categories are displayed on the left under 'Our Quick Links'.

The primary aim of ECOPA is to promote "the three Rs" (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) in the use of animals in research, testing, education and training in Europe.

This roadmap, vision and strategy for non-animal technologies in the UK has been drawn up by Innovate UK, the National Centre for the Replacement Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Defence, Science and Technology Laboratory, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the Medical Research Council, and has been published on their behalf by Innovate UK. It is intended to guide the efforts of all those working in this area. The issues outlined and the recommendations have come out of extensive discussions between the six organisations that are endorsing the roadmap and with many other key stakeholders.

The FRAME lab uses cells derived from human tissues to produce biologically relevant in vitro models of human organs, which behave and respond in the way they would in the body.

EPISKIN, world leader in tissue engineering, offers Human Reconstructed Tissues to the global scientific community - academic and industry - to support research and development activities in Safety and Efficacy

MAWA's aim is to advance medical science to improve human health and therapeutic outcomes without using animals or animal products.

A website with explanations and sources of alternatives.

Animal Free Research UK funds research that directly impacts the replacement of animals in biomedical research. Their aim is the replacement of animals in fundamental biomedical research as well as proving that valuable human-relevant science can take place with the use of non-animal methods.