3Rs - search page

AWIC is part of the US Department of Agriculture. It is mandated by the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) to provide information for improved animal care and use in research, testing, teaching, and exhibition.

This website was created to serve as a gateway to alternatives news, information, and resources on the Internet and beyond. Altweb hosts the journal ALTEX: Alternatives to Animal Experimentation, which is the official publication of the Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT).

Bibliography on Alternatives to Animal Testing (Altbib), is a resource portal for Alternatives to the Use of Live Vertebrates in Biomedical Research and Testing hosted by Specialized Information Services of US National Library of Medicine.

CAAT is an academic, science based centre within the John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in the USA and the University of Konstanz in Germany, which is  dedicated to the promotion of research intoin vitro and other alternative techniques, Three Rs education and information.

CCAC promotes the application of Three Rs in Canada. Through a website it provides the latest information on the Three Rs, a search tool and a search guide. 

FRAME is dedicated to the development of new and valid methods that will replace the need for laboratory animals in medical and scientific research, education, and testing. Where the use of animals is currently necessary, FRAME supports the reduction of numbers involved to an unavoidable minimum and refinement of experimental procedures to minimise any suffering caused. The E-learning resource of FRAME has been set up to provide teachers, school children, students and general supporters with information about the different areas of animal experimentation and with specific resources as to how it can be reduced, refined or replaced. 

A new interactive web-site designed to help scientists to improve the design of their animal experiments. Animal experiments are not always well designed, leading to both ethical concerns and a waste of scientific resources. This is a world-wide problem. Training scientists is difficult as there so are few statisticians with a good understanding of laboratory animal science able to provide such training. This new web-site is designed to help scientists to teach themselves the necessary skills. After an introduction on the ethics of animal experimentation, showing that improvements are needed, it goes on to  cover choice of experimental units, avoiding bias, power and sample size, controlling variability, types of experimental design, factorial experiments, statistical analysis and publication guidelines. Most sections are followed by a "Test yourself" page of true/false questions. The web-site is free. 

The aim of "InVitroJobs" is to enable researchers to access this branch of research more easily. Alongside the job search portal, the site maintains an up-to-date list of research groups active in the development of animal-free techniques. The primary aims of this list are to advertise job vacancies, to provide students with the opportunity to contact these research groups directly to obtain information for thesis assignments and to promote cooperation, networking and the exchange of ideas between researchers. 

A mainly government funded body which provides input to the UK’s Three Rs agenda, carries out research and provides funds for Three R research. 

TSAR is a tool aimed at providing a transparent view on the status of alternative methods as they progress from purely scientific protocols submitted for eventual validation to being actively used in a regulatory context. This tracking system intends to cover all steps, from the initial submission for validation until final adoption by inclusion in the EU legislation and/or related Guidance Documents, when appropriate.   

UC Davis Centre for Animal Alternatives Information places special emphasis on disseminating up-to-date information concerning animal alternatives through every level of public and private education. It also seeks to provide investigators who use animals with information on the most current methods for improving all aspects of animal care during their work. 

ANZCCART is an independent body which was established to provide a focus for consideration of the scientific, ethical and social issues associated with the use of animals in research and teaching. Such use is often the subject of lively debate. ANZCCART (NZ) seeks to promote effective communication and co-operation between all parties and to assist in the resolution of potential conflicts by promoting awareness of concerns and solutions to problems in New Zealand.